Jean Elifaite Gue

The fields of criminology Jean Elifaite Gue

TABLES OF CONTENTSIntroductionContents of criminologyStudy of the accomplishment of the crimeThe phenomenology of crimeCriminal phenomenologyThe criminal etiologyCriminal psychologyCriminal psychiatryThe fight against crimeCriminal policyCriminal proceedingsForensic sciencePenitentiary sciences or penologyEclecticism or autonomySubdivision of CriminologyCriminology of passage to the actGeneral criminologyClinical criminologyThe criminology of social reactionIs criminology the science of crime or that of the criminal?IntroductionThe object of criminology is first and foremost crime. This concept has several definitions depending on the approach considered. For the lawyer, for example, it is about "any action or omission going against the law". The sociologist sees it as "an antisocial act that runs counter to the values of the community and which, to a certain degree of gravity, causes a reaction from society to defend itself and penalize the author of such an act" . Finally, for the criminologist Henri Ellenberger is a "serious anti-ethical and antisocial act, generally prohibited by law, resulting from a complex sociological, psychological and often biological process". Criminology thus goes beyond the simple definition that allows only identifying or identifying the crime; on the contrary, it goes back to its causes. Because it is by identifying the causes that it can propose appropriate methods to prevent the accomplishment of crimes and in the case where it is already committed, to propose means of struggle. To do so, it has a very varied content.