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Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy - Studies in Philosophy Nick Bostrom 第1 版
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Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy - Studies in Philosophy
Nick Bostrom
Anthropic Bias explores how to reason when you suspect that your evidence is biased by "observation selection effects"--that is, evidence that has been filtered by the precondition that there be some suitably positioned observer to "have" the evidence. This conundrum--sometimes alluded to as "the anthropic principle," "self-locating belief," or "indexical information"--turns out to be a surprisingly perplexing and intellectually stimulating challenge, one abounding with important implications for many areas in science and philosophy.
There are the philosophical thought experiments and paradoxes: the Doomsday Argument; Sleeping Beauty; the Presumptuous Philosopher; Adam & Eve; the Absent-Minded Driver; the Shooting Room.
And there are the applications in contemporary science: cosmology ("How many universes are there?", "Why does the universe appear fine-tuned for life?"); evolutionary theory ("How improbable was the evolution of intelligent life on our planet?"); the problem of time's arrow ("Can it be given a thermodynamic explanation?"); quantum physics ("How can the many-worlds theory be tested?"); game-theory problems with imperfect recall ("How to model them?"); even traffic analysis ("Why is the 'next lane' faster?").
Anthropic Bias argues that the same principles are at work across all these domains. And it offers a synthesis: a mathematically explicit theory of observation selection effects that attempts to meet scientific needs while steering clear of philosophical paradox.
238 pages, black & white illustrations
| メディア | 書籍 Paperback Book (ソフトカバーで背表紙を接着した本) |
| リリース済み | 2010年6月18日 |
| ISBN13 | 9780415883948 |
| 出版社 | Taylor & Francis Ltd |
| ページ数 | 230 |
| 寸法 | 151 × 229 × 14 mm · 364 g |
| 言語 | 英語 |
